Doctors generally diagnose chickenpox based on the rash. If there's any doubt about the diagnosis, chickenpox can be confirmed with lab tests, including blood tests or a culture of lesion samplesThe most sensitive method for confirming a diagnosis of varicella is the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect VZV in skin lesions (vesicles, scabs, maculopapular lesions). Vesicular lesions or scabs, if present, are the best for sampling.
There is no cure for chickenpox, but it generally resolves within a week or two without treatment.
A doctor may prescribeTrusted Source medication or give advice on how to reduce symptoms of itchiness and discomfort, and also on how to prevent transmission of the infection.
The following are some treatments that may alleviate symptoms:
Pain-relieving drugs: Tylenol (acetaminophen) may help reduce high fever and pain when a person has chickenpox. But it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and the person’s doctor. People should not use aspirin-containing products to treat chickenpox, as this can lead to complications. People should also avoid ibuprofen, as it could increase the risk of strep throat.
Avoiding dehydration: It is important to drink plenty of fluids, preferably water, to prevent dehydration, which can be a complication of chickenpox.
Sugar-free popsicles: These can help ease symptoms of mouth soreness if there are spots in the mouth. Avoid salty or spicy foods. If chewing is painful, soup might be a good option, as long as it is not too hot.
Reduce itching: Itching can become severe, but it is important to minimize scratching to reduce the risk of scarring. Things that can help include topical ointments, cool baths, or oral Benadryl tablets.
The following may also help prevent scratching:
keeping fingernails clean and as short as possible
placing mittens or even socks over a child’s hands when they go to sleep, so that any attempt at scratching during the night does not cut the skin
wearing loose clothing
A doctor may prescribeTrusted Source antiviral medication during pregnancy, for adults who get an early diagnosis, for newborns, and for those with a weakened immune system.
Acyclovir is one example of an antiviral medication that treats chickenpox. This works best if it is given within 24 hours of developing symptoms. It reduces the severity of symptoms but does not cure the disease.
